the FONAR penalties are one thing that’s making shipowners go wary, so standard club has put forward an article on how to deal with it.
Let’s take a look
How FONAR Is Enforced?MARPOL has a wide sphere of application. Enforcement of MARPOL rests with either a contracting Flag State of a vessel (the Administration) or a contracting Port State Control
(“PSC”). MARPOL also imposes obligations on contracting states when it comes to enforcement and reporting on non-compliance, but specific enforcement...
https://mfame.guru/faq-how-marpol-fonar-penalty-are-enforced-on-ships/