Since childhood, we have been intrigued by this question: How are ships ‘parked’ upon their arrival in ports, jetties, and piers? Unlike cars, they can’t simply be put off gear and parking brakes! Ships don’t have brakes in the first place.
Ships need to be fastened and fixated soundly for conducting all kinds of shore operations such as cargo loading/unloading, refuelling, bunkering, ballasting/deballasting, boarding/deboarding, maintenance, repairing, and often for idle times based on voyage...
https://www.marineinsight.com/marine-safety/what-is-mooring-of-ships/