Mainstream European tanker owners have largely abandoned the Russian trade now that the country’s crude and diesel have breached Western price caps. The so-called “shadow” fleet — tankers operating outside Western insurance and financial circles — has taken over.
Western sanctions had two goals: First, keep Russian oil flowing, and second, curb oil revenues to Putin’s military. Goal No. 2 is in major trouble. Russia’s export revenues are increasing as the price of its crude and products rises...
https://www.freightwaves.com/news/sanctions-on-russian-crude-and-diesel-exports-are-failing