Challenge Corner

Ships use many devices to increase their speed and efficiency while traversing over the rough seas. Here’s a picture of one such rolling device that aids in increasing the speed and ensures better fuel use in harsh conditions.

Can you identify it? Guess and wait for the answer tomorrow. Meanwhile, mail us your guesses.

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When calcium carbonate reacts with acidic free hydrogen (H⁺) ions in seawater, the solid calcium carbonate dissolves, forming free calcium (Ca²⁺) ions and free bicarbonate (HCO3^–) ions. The free hydrogen ions are consumed resulting in decreased hydrogen ion activity. In other words, calcium carbonate acts to neutralize or buffer the solution by consuming hydrogen ions.

Similarly, calcium and magnesium bicarbonates, which are...

http://mfame.guru/chemistry-behind-how-seawater-buffer-or-neutralize-acids-are-created/

Scrubber systems are air pollution control devices that can be used to remove some particulates and/or gases from industrial exhaust streams. Traditionally, the term “scrubber” has been used to define pollution control devices that use liquid to wash unwanted pollutants from a gas stream.

But how does seawater buffer or neutralize acids created by scrubbing?

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PAHs can enter ecosystems via unscrubbed engine and boiler emissions to air however exhaust gas cleaning Systems remove ~80% of particulate matter and hence the heavier molecular weight and generally more toxic PAHs from the exhaust stream.

Before wash water can be returned to the sea a treatment plant must remove the particulate matter. Low molecular weight PAHs may also be dissolved in the wash water so continuous online monitoring of PAH is used to ensure that the treatment is...

https://mfame.guru/scrubber-removes-80-particulate-matter-from-washwater-by-treatment/

Scrubbers or EGCSA are essential for the shipping industry, especially at a time when the IMO 0.5% sulphur emission deadline is close by. These systems are made to prevent the release of PAH into the sea.

But, do you know, how they prevent PAHs from entering into the sea?

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Figure: Exhaust gas cleaning system basic components

There are several different designs of marine exhaust gas cleaning systems (often referred to as scrubbers) that remove sulphur oxides from ship’s engine and boiler exhaust gases.

• A vessel which enables the exhaust stream from an engine or boiler to be intimately mixed with water – either seawater or freshwater (or both). For reasons of available space and access the exhaust gas...

http://mfame.guru/majority-of-wet-scrubber-systems-have-3-basic-components/

What happens when fuel oils containing sulphur are burnt in a diesel engine without an exhaust gas cleaning system?

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The post How Many Components Does a ‘Wet’ Scrubber System Has?...

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Figure: Summary of typical emissions from a slow speed 2 stroke diesel engine

http://mfame.guru/answer-sulphuric-acid-and-sulphate-particulate-matter-in-the-exhaust-stream/

A valve which keeps the tank over pressure or under pressure within approved, limits. P/V valve provides for the flow of the small volumes of vapour, air or inert gas mixtures caused by thermal variations in a cargo tank. The vacuum valve opens if the pressure in the tank falls below a pre-set level – to draw air into the tank through a flame trap. In the event of over-pressure, two release valves open to ensure that venting is upwards and at high velocity, to avoid concentrations of gas on...

http://mfame.guru/its-a-pressure-vacuum-valve-p-v-valve/